Thoughts on Aneuploidy

Thoughts on aneuploidy.

Aneuploidy refers to karyotypic abnormalities characterized by gain or loss of individual chromosomes. This condition is associated with disease and death in all organisms in which it has been studied. We have characterized the effects of aneuploidy on yeast and primary mouse cells and found it to be detrimental at the cellular level. Furthermore, we find that aneuploid cells exhibit phenotypes...

Aneuploidy

The terms 'haploid' and 'diploid' that describe single (n) and double (2n) chromosome sets in cells were coined by the Polish-German botanist Eduard Strasburger and originate from the Greek terms haplóos meaning 'single' and diplóos meaning 'double'. The term 'ploidy' was subsequently derived to describe the total chromosome content of cells. Consequently, the term 'euploid' refers to a chromos...

Thoughts on Social Design

Thoughts on the Bulletin.

Because daguerreotype photographs are usually reversed laterally from actuality, images of W.T.G. Morton falsely suggest that he sometimes changed the side of the part in his hair. Because of daguerreotype image reversal, a statue of Apollo in the Ether Dome at the Massachusetts General Hospital appears to have been moved for the 50th anniversary of Ether Day. Ether anesthesia was announced in ...

Thoughts on scale

I begin with a metaphor to characterize the challenges that authors and readers face when confronting issues of scale. Consider the ways that map makers use insets—devices that allow for a focus on particular areas, while situating those areas within the larger whole. The use of insets allows for characterizations at two orders of grain size. Now imagine a map of the world containing four inset...